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一、基本情况我国以煤炭为燃料的火力发电厂,由于生产工艺的需要,把块煤磨细成煤粉来烧锅炉。煤粉经高温燃烧后,一部分随烟道排入大气,另一部分被收尘器收集下来。经收尘器收集起来的灰色粉状细灰称为粉煤灰。随着电力工业的发展,全国每年可排出粉煤灰3700多万吨,相当于全国大水泥厂的年产量。这么多粉煤灰目前仅有10％被利用,绝大部分被排入江河湖海,污染了水源和环境。因此,搞好粉煤灰的综合利用,化害为利,具有很大现实意义。
First, the basic situation China’s coal-fired thermal power plant, due to the needs of the production process, the lump coal into pulverized coal to burn the boiler. After the pulverized coal has been burned at high temperature, part of it is discharged into the atmosphere with the flue, and another part is collected by the dust collector. The gray powdered fine ash collected by the dust collector is called fly ash. With the development of the electric power industry, more than 37 million tons of fly ash can be discharged in the country each year, which is equivalent to the annual output of the national large cement plant. So far only about 10% of the fly ash has been used, and most of it is discharged into rivers, lakes and seas, polluting water sources and the environment. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to do a good job of the comprehensive utilization of fly ash and turn it into harm.