当前,在化学教育中对于知识与能力的关系问题,大体上有三种看法:一是认为学生在中学阶段主要应掌握基础知识,能力可以到高一级的学校或工作中去培养和提高,二是认为化学教学中的基础知识比较具体,而能力是抽象的,难以提出明确要求。在这两种思想的影响下,有些教师只注重如何讲清知识,而很少考虑能力的培养。三是认为要使人的知识和能力的发展适应现代经济建设和科学技术高速发展的需要,教师的任务就不仅是传授知识,还要帮助学生开发智力,培养能力,因此必须改革教学内容和方法,在传授知识的同时,十分注意学生能力的培养。 At present, there are generally three views on the relationship between knowledge and ability in chemistry education. First, students are expected to master basic knowledge at the secondary school level, and their abilities can be cultivated and improved at higher levels of school or work. It is believed that the basic knowledge in chemistry teaching is more specific and that the ability is abstract and it is difficult to put forward clear requirements. Under the influence of these two kinds of thinking, some teachers only focus on how to clarify knowledge, and seldom consider the cultivation of ability. Third, it is believed that the development of human knowledge and capabilities must be adapted to the needs of modern economic construction and the rapid development of science and technology. The task of teachers is not only to impart knowledge, but also to help students develop their intelligence and develop their abilities. Therefore, it is necessary to reform teaching content and methods. While imparting knowledge, great attention is paid to the cultivation of students’ abilities.