溶解态黑碳(DBC)作为黑碳(BC)降解的中间产物,是海洋溶解有机碳碳库的重要组分,涉及全球海洋碳收支并进一步影响全球气候变化;是有色溶解有机质的重要组分,可改变水体光学环境从而对生态系统产生影响;也是一类良好的有机配体,在环境中易与金属离子形成络合物从而影响金属污染物的行为与毒性。鉴于其在气候变化、生态和环境等方面的重要影响,近年来研究者越来越关注DBC,并取得了一些基础性成果。目前,在DBC的定性认识上还存在一些模糊区域,所以DBC还没有一个明确的定义,DBC只是一个术语,特指一类由浓缩稠环母体和亲水性取代基(主要为羧基)组成的复杂有机物。在DBC的来源方面,已有证据证明BC降解能够产生DBC;但DBC很可能还存在其他来源,仍需进一步研究确认。DBC主要随水体进行迁移,并已观察到了DBC的降解现象,但目前对DBC的降解机理及速率仍不了解。在定量分析方法上,由于DBC的极性很强,且与其共存的基质相当复杂,分析DBC具有很大的挑战,其中苯多羧酸分子标志物法(BPCA)是定量分析DBC很有前景的方法之一,但目前仍存在一些难点需要解决。DBC在全球不同水体中含量变化很大,但目前的数据相当有限,不足以全面评估DBC的储量和循环周期。从DBC的定性识别、来源、迁移转化、定量分析及含量分布等方面综述DBC的研究进展,重点讨论BPCA法定量DBC的研究现状及存在问题,并展望DBC的研究方向。 Dissolved black carbon (DBC), as an intermediate of BC degradation, is an important component of marine dissolved organic carbon pool, which involves the global ocean carbon budget and further affects the global climate change. It is an important group for the color dissolving of organic matter Can change the optical environment of the water body to have an impact on the ecosystem. It is also a good class of organic ligands that easily form complexes with metal ions in the environment to affect the behavior and toxicity of metal pollutants. In view of their important influence on climate change, ecology and environment, researchers have paid more and more attention to DBC in recent years, and some basic achievements have been achieved. At present, there are still some ambiguities in the qualitative understanding of DBC. Therefore, DBC does not have a clear definition yet. DBC is just a term that refers to a group of condensed condensed ring precursors and hydrophilic substituents (mainly carboxyl groups) Complex organic matter. In terms of the source of DBC, there is evidence that BC degradation can produce DBC; however, DBC is likely to exist from other sources and needs further study to confirm. DBC migrates mainly with water and DBC degradation has been observed, but the mechanism and rate of degradation of DBC are currently unknown. In the quantitative analysis method, it is very challenging to analyze DBC due to the strong polarity of DBC and the complex matrix with DBC. Among them, benzene polycarboxylic acid molecular marker method (BPCA) is very promising for quantitative analysis of DBC One of the ways, but there are still some difficulties to be solved. DBC varies greatly in different waters around the world, but the current data is rather limited to adequately assess DBC reserves and cycle times. This paper summarizes the research progress of DBC from the aspects of qualitative identification, source, migration and transformation, quantitative analysis and content distribution of DBC, and focuses on the research status and existing problems of quantitative DBC by BPCA, and looks forward to the research direction of DBC.