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目的调查长沙市50岁以上人群超重和肥胖的流行特征,为制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,以长沙市天心区20个社区作为调查点,对50~90岁常住居民超重和肥胖的相关因素进行调查,并调查不同体质量人群中的高血压分布。结果该地区人群超重及肥胖患病率分别为38.9%和6.1%,女性超重和肥胖患病率为33.1%和5.3%,男性为46.8%和7.1%,男性明显高于女性(P均<0.01)。60~69岁人群超重的发生率较50~59岁和70~90岁人群高(P=0.032,0.005)。经多元逐步回归分析发现,年龄、性别、劳动强度、吸烟、饮酒与体质指数(body mass index,BMI)有相关性,高血压的患病率与BMI呈正比。结论长沙市50岁以上人群超重和肥胖患病率较高,尤其是男性;影响BMI的主要因素有年龄、性别、劳动强度、吸烟和饮酒等;随着BMI增加,高血压患病率增加。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of overweight and obesity in people over 50 years of age in Changsha and provide scientific evidence for the corresponding interventions. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the relative factors of overweight and obesity among 50 ~ 90-year-old residents in 20 communities in Tianxin District of Changsha City. The distribution of hypertension in different weight groups . Results The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 38.9% and 6.1% respectively in the area. The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 33.1% and 5.3% in women, 46.8% and 7.1% in males, and significantly higher in males than in females (all P <0.01) ). The incidence of overweight in 60-69 years old was higher than that in 50-59 years old and 70-90 years old (P = 0.032,0.005). By multivariate stepwise regression analysis, age, sex, labor intensity, smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI) were correlated. The prevalence of hypertension was positively correlated with BMI. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight and obesity in over 50-year-olds in Changsha is high, especially in males. The main factors influencing BMI are age, gender, labor intensity, smoking and alcohol consumption. With the increase of BMI, the prevalence of hypertension is increased.