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目的:摸清某合成氨厂职业病危害因素状况,对存在职业危害因素的岗位或工种提出控制措施。方法:对合成氨厂生产岗位或工种存在的职业病危害因素进行现场调查和检测。结果:北造气车间煤炉上料操作工、型煤车间上料处作业工人接触粉尘总尘浓度不符合国家职业卫生限值标准。在该厂工作场所内20个工段,29个岗位或工种进行噪声检测,最大声强103.0dB(A),最小声强65.6dB(A),平均88.2dB(A),其中13个岗位或工种不合格,合格率55.2%。在该厂工作场所内15个工段、20个岗位或工种分别进行一氧化碳、氨和甲醇浓度检测。其中接触氨和甲醇浓度岗位或工种均符合国家职业卫生限值标准,接触一氧化碳浓度岗位或工种除北压缩车间、变化车间不符合国家职业卫生限值标准外,其余所测岗位作业工人接触一氧化碳浓度也符合国家职业卫生限值标准。结论:某合成氨厂作业岗位或工种对粉尘、噪声和毒物的控制措施还不完善,部分岗位或工种职业危害因素检测结果不合格,应改善作业环境,加强个人防护,保护劳动者健康。
Objective: To find out the status of occupational hazards in an ammonia plant, and to put forward control measures for occupations or occupations where occupational hazards exist. Methods: Field investigation and testing were conducted on occupational hazards existing in the production of ammonia plant. Results: The total dust concentration of dust exposed by the working workers in the coal-fired furnaces of coal-fired workshops in the North Gas-fired Workshop did not meet the national occupational health limit standards. In the workplace of the plant 20 sections, 29 positions or types of noise detection, the maximum intensity of 103.0dB (A), the minimum intensity 65.6dB (A), an average of 88.2dB (A), of which 13 jobs or jobs Unqualified, the passing rate of 55.2%. Carbon monoxide, ammonia, and methanol concentrations were measured at 15 work stations, 20 jobs or jobs in the workplace of the plant. The exposure to ammonia and methanol concentration positions or types of work are in line with the national occupational health standards, exposure to carbon monoxide concentration positions or types of work in addition to the North Compression Workshop, change the workshop does not meet the national occupational health limits, the remaining positions of workers exposed to the work of exposure to carbon monoxide concentrations Also meet the national occupational health limit standards. Conclusion: The control measures of the dust, noise and poison in jobsite or job of an ammonia plant are not yet perfect. The test results of some occupational hazards or occupational hazards are unqualified. The working environment should be improved and personal protection should be strengthened to protect the health of laborers.