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Potential distribution is an important characteristic for evaluating the performance of an ion trap.Here,we analyze and optimize the potential distribution of an endcap ion trap for single-ion trapping.We obtain an optimal endcap radius of 225 μm-250 μm,endcap-shield gap of ～ 250 μm,and inter-endcap distance of 540 μm-590 μm.The simulation method for analysis can also be applied to other ion traps,which is useful for improving the design and assembly of ion traps.