本文指出近年来一些地区麻疹爆发流行的主要原因是初免失败。提出轻型病毒性上呼吸道感染不应列为免疫接种禁忌证,强调应提高学龄前儿童的免疫接种率及免疫接种质量。并建议对小学生或中学生进行再免疫,以充分发挥麻疹疫苗的最大保护效果。 This article points out that the main reason for the outbreak of measles in some areas in recent years is the failure of the initial exemption. It was suggested that light-type viral upper respiratory tract infections should not be listed as contraindications to immunization, emphasizing the need to increase the immunization coverage and immunization quality of preschool children. It is also suggested that primary or secondary school students be re-immunized to give full play to the maximum protective effect of measles vaccine.