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目的:了解三峡库区腹地万州段农村居民饮用水消毒卫生现状,为预防介水疾病提供科学依据。方法:采取回顾性调查方法,对农村居民饮用水消毒指标与微生物指标监测数据进行收集整理和分析。结果:2013-2015年期间三峡库区万州段共监测农村居民饮用水样574件,游离余氯、菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、大肠埃希氏菌合格率分别为69.53%、78.45%、71.21%、70.20%、74.58%,水质消毒质量逐年变好(P<0.01),枯水期与丰水期之间除总大肠菌群外,其它差异均有统计学意义。末梢水游离余氯与各微生物项目合格率之间差异有统计学意义。结论:近年来,三峡库区万州段农村居民饮用水消毒效果总体较好,但末梢水总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群合格率相对较低,存在水质二次污染的风险。
Objective: To understand the status of drinking water disinfection and sanitation of rural residents in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir hinterland, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention of water-borne diseases. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted to collect and sort out the data of disinfection indicators and microbial indicators of drinking water in rural residents. Results: 574 drinking water samples were collected from Wanzhou section of Three Gorges Reservoir during the period of 2013-2015. The free chlorine, total colony, total coliforms, heat-resistant coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli were 69.53 %, 78.45%, 71.21%, 70.20% and 74.58%, respectively. The quality of water disinfection improved year by year (P <0.01), except for the total coliform bacteria in dry season and wet season, the differences were statistically significant. There was significant difference between the free chlorine in the peripheral water and the passing rate of each microorganism project. Conclusion: In recent years, the drinking water disinfection effect of rural residents in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area is generally good, but the total coliforms and heat-resistant coliform bacteria in the peripheral water have a relatively low qualification rate, which poses the risk of secondary water pollution.