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【目的】探讨学龄期儿童哮喘行为问题及其相关因素,为临床诊治提供参考。【方法】随访92例学龄期哮喘患儿,应用自编的一般状况问卷及Rutter儿童行为问卷(父母问卷)调查其行为问题状况。并以相同数量及性别的同年龄组健康儿童为对照组进行Rutter儿童行为问卷(父母问卷)调查。【结果】50例学龄期哮喘男生中,22例(44.0%)存在行为问题,其中19例(38.0%)存在违纪行为,15例(30.00%)存在神经症行为,均显著高于对照组(P均<0.05)。42例学龄期哮喘女生中,17例(40.48%)存在行为问题,其中15例(35.71%)存在神经症行为,均显著高于对照组女生(P均<0.05),而违纪行为和对照组女生无差异(χ2=0.454,P均>0.500)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示:加重学龄期哮喘患儿行为问题的因素有:患儿年龄、发病持续时间、年平均发作次数、年平均发作天数、总复发次数、体重与年龄比、静脉使用激素的天数及静脉使用激素的总量。减轻学龄期哮喘患儿行为问题的因素有:首次发病年龄、患儿坚持学习与应学习时间比例及一天平均户外活动时间。【结论】学龄期哮喘儿童均存在比较严重的行为问题,应引起临床医生重视。
【Objective】 To investigate the behavioral problems of asthma and its related factors in school-age children and provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment. 【Methods】 A total of 92 children with asthma were followed up and investigated their behavioral problems by using self-compiled general status questionnaire and Rutter children’s behavioral questionnaire (parental questionnaire). The Rutter Children’s Behavior Questionnaire (Parents Questionnaire) survey was conducted with healthy children in the same age group and the same number as the control group. 【Results】 Among the 50 boys with asthma, 22 (44.0%) had behavioral problems, of which 19 (38.0%) had discipline violations and 15 (30.00%) had neurological behaviors, which were significantly higher than those of the control group P <0.05). There were behavioral problems in 17 cases (40.48%) of 42 age-matched school-age asthmatic girls, of which 15 (35.71%) had neurosis behaviors, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P <0.05) Girls no difference (χ2 = 0.454, P> 0.500). The results of multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors that aggravated the behavioral problems of children with school-age asthma were: age of children, duration of onset, number of annual mean seizures, number of days of average seizure, total number of relapse, body weight and age, intravenous hormones Days and the total amount of intravenous hormone. Factors alleviating behavioral problems in children with school-age asthma include: the age at first onset, the proportion of children who insist on learning and what should be learned, and the average outdoor activity time per day. 【Conclusions】 There are serious behavioral problems in school-age asthmatic children, which should be taken seriously by clinicians.