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目的了解泰州市学生用橡皮擦中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂含量,为有效控制塑化剂在橡皮擦中的使用提供科学依据。方法 2014年8月和2015年7月,分2批在泰州橡皮销售市场(覆盖3市3区)进行购样,共购买了77份样品,并对收集的数据进行统计分析。结果 77份样品中,塑化剂含量超标主要是邻苯二甲酸酯类(2-乙基己基酯,DEHP),37份样品中DEHP+邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)+邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯(BBP)总和含量超标,合格率为52%。泰州市场售卖的橡皮擦主要来自于浙江、广东、上海3个地区,其中有48.1%的橡皮擦含有塑化剂。不同地区间橡皮擦塑化剂含量合格率分别为52.2%,52.9%,43.8%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.005,P=0.861),白、彩、黑3种不同颜色的橡皮擦合格率分别为57.7%,51.1%,33.3%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.189,P=0.552)。大型超市、批发市场、校园周边各购买点橡皮擦合格率分别为33.3%,50.0%,61.5%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=4.018,P=0.134)。结论大部分企业生产的橡皮擦含有塑化剂。需制定橡皮擦中塑化剂含量标准,改进橡皮擦生产工艺,同时强化政府监管和建立风险监测体系。
Objective To understand the contents of phthalate plasticizers in eraser used by students in Taizhou City and provide a scientific basis for effectively controlling the use of plasticizers in eraser. Methods In August 2014 and July 2015, 77 batches of samples were purchased from Taizhou rubber sales market (covering 3 districts and 3 districts) in two batches, and the collected data were statistically analyzed. Results In 77 samples, the main content of plasticizer was phthalates (DEHP), DEHP + dibutyl phthalate (DBP) + phthalic acid Butyl benzyl ester (BBP) total content exceeded, with a pass rate of 52%. Taizhou market eraser mainly from Zhejiang, Guangdong, Shanghai, three regions, of which 48.1% of the eraser contains a plasticizer. The pass rate of eraser plasticizer in different regions was 52.2%, 52.9% and 43.8% respectively, with no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 1.005, P = 0.861) The pass rates were 57.7%, 51.1% and 33.3% respectively, with no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 1.189, P = 0.552). The pass rates of the eraser in the large-scale supermarkets, the wholesale market and the campus were 33.3%, 50.0% and 61.5% respectively, with no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 4.018, P = 0.134). Conclusion Most of the eraser manufacturers contain plasticizers. It is necessary to formulate the content of plasticizer in the eraser, improve the eraser production process, strengthen the government regulation and establish the risk monitoring system.