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目的探讨宫颈冷刀锥切术对CIN3患者生育功能及妊娠结局的影响。方法选取50例行宫颈冷刀锥切术的CIN3患者作为研究组,另外选取50例未行宫颈锥切术的正常女性作为对照组,比较两组研究对象的生育功能和妊娠结局。结果研究组术后6个月内的妊娠率显著低于7~24个月内的妊娠率(P<0.05),研究组与对照组两年内的妊娠率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。研究组的流产率、早产率分别为11.43%、17.14%,均显著高于对照组的2.44%、4.88%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的剖宫产率、胎膜早破、新生儿窒息、低体重儿发生率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论宫颈冷刀锥切术对CIN3患者的远期生育功能无明显影响,但会增加早产、胎膜早破、新生儿窒息等不良妊娠结局的发生风险。
Objective To investigate the effect of cervical cold knife conization on the reproductive function and pregnancy outcomes in patients with CIN3. Methods Fifty patients with CIN3 who underwent cold knife conization were enrolled as study group. Another 50 normal women who did not undergo cervical conization were selected as control group. The fertility and pregnancy outcome of the two groups were compared. Results The pregnancy rate within 6 months after operation in study group was significantly lower than that in 7-24 months (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in pregnancy rates between study group and control group within two years (P> 0.05) . The abortion rate and preterm birth rate in the study group were 11.43% and 17.14%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (2.44% and 4.88%, respectively) (P <0.05). Cesarean section rate, premature rupture of membranes, neonatal asphyxia and low birth weight were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Cold-knife conization can not affect the long-term fertility of CIN3 patients, but may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as premature labor, premature rupture of membranes and neonatal asphyxia.