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目的评价64排螺旋CT及其后处理技术对小儿支气管异物的诊断价值。方法 54例经支气管镜检查证实支气管异物的小儿均经常规X线检查和64排螺旋CT扫描及后处理,以支气管镜检查结果为对照,比较2种检查方法在小儿支气管异物的诊断价值。结果本组病例发现异物位于气管者6例,左主支气管16例,中间段支气管6例,右中叶外侧段4例,右主支气管20例,左下叶背段2例。常规X线检查只能发现间接征象44例,难以直接显示异物,检出率89%;螺旋CT直接显示异物,发现54例,检出率100%。结论常规X线检查对位于气管内的异物的诊断是盲区,螺旋CT扫描对小儿支气管异物检出率高,其后处理技术能准确判断异物的位置、大小、形态及其与相应支气管的关系,并可清晰显示伴随病变,具有重要的临床价值。
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of 64-slice spiral CT and its post-processing techniques in pediatric bronchial foreign bodies. Methods Totally 54 children with bronchial foreign bodies confirmed by bronchoscopy were examined by routine X-ray and 64-slice spiral CT scan and post-treatment. Bronchoscopy was used as a control to compare the diagnostic value of the two methods in children with bronchial foreign bodies. Results The group of patients found in the trachea in 6 cases of foreign bodies, the left main bronchus in 16 cases, the middle section of the bronchus in 6 cases, right middle lobe in 4 cases, right main bronchus in 20 cases, left lower lobe in 2 cases. Conventional X-ray examination can only find indirect signs of 44 cases, it is difficult to directly display foreign body, the detection rate of 89%; spiral CT directly shows foreign body, found 54 cases, the detection rate of 100%. Conclusion Conventional X-ray examination is a blind spot in the diagnosis of foreign bodies located in the trachea. The detection rate of helical CT in children with bronchial foreign bodies is high. Post-processing techniques can accurately determine the location, size, shape and the relationship between foreign bodies and the corresponding bronchi, And can clearly show the accompanying lesions, has important clinical value.