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“V不上”和“V不下”之间的对立和非对立,主要受“上”和“下”原型义及相关引申义的影响,在结构内部,动词的语义特征与之兼容者可以进入,否则不能;在结构外部,“V不上”和“V不下”都受外部条件的制约,但结构义上“V不上”结构强调目标性,“V不下”结构强调空间性,两者存在明显的对立;在认知图式上,“V不上”形成的是二维的目标模式,“V不下”形成的是三维的空间模式,对立是很明显的。而在“上”和“下”通过引申表示“到达、达到、完成”等结果的意思时,“V不上”和“V不下”是非对立的;在空间特点的语境里,两者有非对立的现象,但是在原因侧重上却是对立的。二者的对立是主流,非对立是支流。
Opposition and non-opposition between “V 不可上” and “V 不可下” are mainly influenced by the prototype meaning and related extended meaning of “上 上” and “下 下” within the structure. The verb’s The semantic features are compatible with them and can not be entered; outside the structure, “V does not ” and “V does not ” are subject to external conditions, but the structural meaning of “V does not ” structure emphasizes In the cognitive schema, “V does not ” form a two-dimensional target model, “V no less than ”, “V no less than ” structure emphasizes the space, The formation of the three-dimensional spatial model, the opposite is obvious. In the meanings of “上 ” and “下” denoting “reaching, reaching, completing ” and other results, “V does not ” and “V no less ” is non-rival; in In the context of spatial features, there is a phenomenon of non-opposition between the two, but it is opposite in reason. Opposition between the two is the mainstream, non-opposition is a tributary.