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康德的道德自我观以反思哲学和先天综合的形而上学为基础,突出道德自我的个体性,坚持自然法中的原子论,表现出定言命令的抽象空泛和软弱乏力。黑格尔扬弃了康德道德自我观及其形而上学基础,注重对道德和伦理进行辩证分析,对伦理的丰富形态进行考察,通过自我意识、精神、自由的逻辑演进,将道德自我置于社会伦理基础之上,以克服道德自我形而上学方法论中的二元矛盾以及个人主义、原子论缺陷。基于人性的社会性、自我意识和精神的互主体性、自由的历史性和客观性的理解,黑格尔的道德自我观内蕴着历史主义和时代感、实践性和社会现实性、整体主义和普遍主义等社会伦理特征。
Kant’s view of moral self is based on metaphysics of reflection and congenital synthesis, emphasizing the individuality of moral self and adhering to the atomism in natural law, showing the abstract emptiness and weakness of imperatives. Hegelian abandoned Kant’s moral self-concept and its metaphysics foundation, paid attention to the dialectical analysis of morality and ethics, examined the richness of ethics, set the ethical ego on the basis of social ethics through the logical evolution of self-awareness, spirit and freedom In order to overcome the dual contradictions in the methodology of moral self-metaphysics and the defects of individualism and atomism. Based on the sociality of human nature, the inter-subjectivity of self-awareness and spirit, the historicity of freedom and the objectivity of understanding, Hegel’s moral self-concept embodies historicism and the sense of the times, practicality and social reality, holism And universalism and other social ethical characteristics.