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砂仁的成熟果实是我国著名药材之一,作为芳香健胃的传统中药在我国已有百年历史了。其性味辛、温、涩、无毒,具有行气调中、消食、温脾、健胃、按胎之功,主治消化不良,神经性胃痛,恶心呕吐、虚寒便痢、妊妇腹痛等症。砂仁为姜科仁属(Zingiberaceae、Amomum Lour.)植物,多年生草本,全世界约有一百五十种以上,主要分布于亚洲的热带地区,我国约有种,大都可入药,主要分布于华西、西南各省。砂仁属植物果实和叶都含有精油,而其果实精油的含量以及化学组成与砂仁药效有较密关系。了解它们的精油化学组成有助于进一步研究其药理效应,并对培育优良品种,选择亲本也有一定参考价值。
The mature fruit of Amomum villosum is one of the famous medicinal materials in our country. As a traditional herbal medicine with aroma and stomach, it has been a hundred years old in our country. Its nature is spicy, warm, astringent, non-toxic, and has the functions of adjusting Qi, eliminating food, warming the spleen, strengthening the stomach, and pressing the fetus. The symptoms include indigestion, nervous stomachache, nausea and vomiting, defecation and diarrhea, and abdominal pain in pregnant women. Embolism. Amomum villosum is a plant of the genus Zingiberaceae (Amingum Lour.) of the genus Zingiberaceae (Amingia Lour.). There are about one hundred and fifty species in the world, which are mainly distributed in the tropical regions of Asia. There are about species in China, most of which can be used as medicines, mainly distributed in Huaxi, Southwestern provinces. The Amomum vulgaris fruits and leaves contain essential oils, and the content and chemical composition of their fruit essential oils are closely related to Amomum villosum efficacy. Understanding the chemical composition of their essential oils helps further study their pharmacological effects, and it also has a certain reference value for the selection of parents for breeding excellent varieties.