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目的了解中国西部地区城市中小学生忽视程度和特点,为制定学生忽视改善措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层多级整群随机抽样方法,对陕西省和重庆市部分地区6～17岁城市中小学生忽视状况进行调查。结果共调查1 604人,中国西部地区城市中小学生总忽视率为30.30%,总忽视度为(45.27±8.71);男、女生忽视率分别为34.88%、25.23%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.62,P<0.001),男、女生忽视度分别为(46.50±8.79)、(43.92±8.42),差异有统计学意义(u=5.99,P<0.001);6～8、9～11、12～17岁城市中小学生忽视率分别为30.69%、28.74%、31.71%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.41,P>0.05),忽视度分别为(43.34±6.86)、(42.90±8.42)、(48.49±8.69),差异有统计学意义(F=84.49,P<0.001),12～17岁中学生忽视度最高;核心家庭和三代同堂家庭的子女忽视程度明显低于单亲家庭和再婚家庭;独生子女受忽视程度低于非独生子女。结论我国西部地区城市中小学生忽视程度较严重,应针对性地加强宣传教育,提高家长、学校、社会等对儿童忽视的认知和理解,重视儿童忽视问题。
Objective To understand the extent and characteristics of ignorance of primary and secondary school students in urban areas of western China and provide a scientific basis for formulating students’ neglect and improvement measures. Methods A stratified multistage cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the neglect status of primary and secondary school students aged 6 ~ 17 in some areas of Shaanxi Province and Chongqing. Results A total of 1,604 students were investigated. The total neglect rate was 30.30% and the total neglect degree was (45.27 ± 8.71). The neglect rates of male and female students were 34.88% and 25.23% respectively, with significant difference (χ2 = 17.62, P <0.001). The ignorance of boys and girls were (46.50 ± 8.79) and (43.92 ± 8.42) respectively, with statistical significance (u = 5.99, The neglect rates of primary and secondary school students aged from 12 to 17 years were 30.69%, 28.74% and 31.71% respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 1.41, P> 0.05). The neglect rates were (43.34 ± 6.86) and (42.90 ± 8.42) , (48.49 ± 8.69) respectively, the difference was statistically significant (F = 84.49, P <0.001). The neglect degree of middle school students aged 12-17 was the highest. The degree of neglect of children in core family and thirdgeneration family was significantly lower than that of single-parent family and remarried family Only children were neglected less than non-only children. Conclusion The urban primary and middle school students in western China have a neglected degree of neglect. Propaganda and education should be strengthened in a targeted manner so as to enhance the cognition and understanding of children neglected by parents, schools and society, and pay more attention to the neglect of children.