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概念:药物进入血循环后影响其浓度的两个过程是分布和消除。描述分布的药动学参数是分布容积,它是把体内药物总量与药物血浆浓度联系起来的一个常数。用于确定快速达到治疗血浆浓度的负荷剂量,关系式为: 负荷剂量=分布容积×理想浓度描述消除的药动学参数是清除率。物质从血浆中清除包括肾性清除和非肾性清除两部分。它用来计算药物的维持剂量,关系式为:
Concept: The two processes that affect the concentration of a drug as it enters the bloodstream are distribution and elimination. The pharmacokinetic parameter describing the distribution is the volume of distribution, which is a constant that relates the total amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration of the drug. The loading dose used to determine the plasma concentration rapidly reached is as follows: Loading Dose = Volume of Distribution × Ideal Concentration Describe the elimination pharmacokinetic parameter as clearance. The substance is removed from the plasma, including both renal and non-renal clearance. It is used to calculate the maintenance dose of the drug, the relationship is: