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聚乳酸(PLA)是一种重要的生物降解材料,广泛应用于生物医学、纤维、塑料等领域。为了改善PLA的性能,人们进行了大量的共聚改性研究。其中,直接从乳酸出发不经丙交酯中间体路线的共聚改性方法,因其简单易行、经济实用,越来越引起科学家的重视。针对直接法共聚改性聚乳酸物中物质种类的不同,结合本课题组的一些乳酸直接熔融共聚研究工作,对近年来聚乳酸共聚改性直接法研究的新进展,特别是不同官能团数有机小分子、有机高分子、无机材料等直接共聚改性PLA进行了综述。为了获得分子量、性能、结构等理想且可控的PLA共聚物,加强直接熔融共聚反应机理的研究,是未来直接法共聚改性聚乳酸研究的关键。
Polylactic acid (PLA) is an important biodegradable material, widely used in biomedical, fiber, plastic and other fields. In order to improve the performance of PLA, a large number of copolymerization modification studies have been conducted. Among them, the method of copolymerization directly from lactic acid without lactide intermediate route has drawn more and more attention of scientists because of its simple, economical and practical. In view of the difference of material types in the direct copolymerization of modified polylactic acid and the direct copolymerization of lactic acid in our group, the recent progress in the research of direct copolymerization modification of polylactic acid, especially in organic small Molecular, organic polymers, inorganic materials such as direct copolymerization modified PLA were reviewed. In order to obtain ideal and controllable PLA copolymer such as molecular weight, performance and structure, the research on enhancing the mechanism of direct melt copolymerization is the key to study the direct copolymerization modified PLA in the future.