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用合成肽研究证明,乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)包膜蛋白中,存在前S编码序列。在S蛋白(226个氨基酸)氨基末端,有55个氨基酸,它由S区上游的前S区包膜基因编码,称为中分子蛋白。由完整的包膜基因(S和前S)编码的389或400个氨基酸(取决于HBV不同的抗原亚型),称为大分子蛋白。在前S区内有不依赖二硫键的连续的抗原决定簇。S区编码的决定簇和前S编码的决定簇同时存在于HBsAg颗粒上时,前S编码的中分子蛋白决定簇比S编码的决定簇具有更高的免疫原性。实验表明,前S区能诱生中和抗体,抗前S特异性抗体能抑制HBV对肝细胞的粘附。
Studies using synthetic peptides have demonstrated that pre-S coding sequences exist in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope protein. At the amino terminus of the S protein (226 amino acids), there are 55 amino acids, which are encoded by the pre-S envelope genes upstream of the S region and are known as mid-molecule proteins. The 389 or 400 amino acids encoded by the complete envelope genes (S and PreS), depending on the different antigenic subtypes of HBV, are called macromolecular proteins. In the pre-S region there are disassociation-independent contiguous epitopes. The S-encoded middle-protein determinants have higher immunogenicity than the S-encoded determinants when both the S-region encoded determinant and the pre-S-encoded determinant are present on the HBsAg particles. Experiments show that the pre-S region can induce neutralizing antibodies, anti-pre-S-specific antibodies can inhibit HBV adhesion to hepatocytes.