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一氧化氮 (NO)是一种不稳定的小分子有害气体 ,又是一种生物活性物质 ,参与了多种疾病的病理生理过程。NO在体内由L 精氨酸在一氧化氮合酶的作用下生成。它分布于睾丸、附睾及输精管等组织中 ,也分布于精子的顶体和尾部 ,对生精过程 ,精子活力、活率 ,受精能力以及精子脂质过氧化反应等具有重要的影响和双向调节作用。低浓度NO有益于增加精子活力、活率 ,降低精子脂质过氧化反应 ,提高精子的受精能力 ;高浓度NO对精子具有损伤作用 ,使精子活力、活率下降 ,脂质过氧化反应加强。本文简要介绍了NO在体内的产生机制 ,并着重概述了NO对精子的调节作用及影响。
Nitric oxide (NO) is an unstable small molecule harmful gas, but also a bioactive substance involved in the pathophysiology of many diseases. NO is produced by L-arginine in the body under the action of nitric oxide synthase. It is located in the testis, epididymis and vas deferens and other organizations, also distributed in the acrosome and tail of sperm, spermatogenesis, sperm motility, viability, fertilization and sperm lipid peroxidation have a significant impact and two-way adjustment effect. Low concentrations of NO is beneficial to increase sperm motility, viability, reduce lipid peroxidation of sperm and improve sperm fertilization ability; high concentration of NO has a damaging effect on sperm, reducing sperm motility, viability and lipid peroxidation. This article briefly introduced the mechanism of NO production in vivo and focused on the regulatory effect of NO on sperm.