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近代中日两国在实行地方自治前,都存在着一定的“自治传统。”这种传统在日本曰村落共同体,在中国曰宗族自治、乡绅自治。但是虽然同为“自治”,实际上有着很大差别。这种差别也可谓是导致两国实行近代地方自治成败的重要原因之一。本文通过对中日“自治传统”在地方公选议会、地方公共财政的运营和地方公共团体法人化的过程中所起的不同作用进行比较分析,从而总结出中日“自治传统”具有的不同的特质。
Before the implementation of local autonomy in modern China and Japan, there was a certain degree of “autonomy tradition.” This tradition is called the village community in Japan and the autonomy of clan autonomy and squire in China. However, although the same as “autonomy”, in fact there is a big difference. This difference can also be described as one of the important reasons that lead to the success or failure of modern local autonomy in both countries. By comparing the different roles of the “autonomy tradition” of the two countries in the operation of local Public Parliaments, the operation of local public finances and the legalization of local public bodies, this paper concludes with the differences between the “autonomy traditions” of China and Japan Trait.