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应急疏散过程中,除节点上的疏散任务,弧路径上也可能出现相应的疏散需求。为有效地处理弧路径上的疏散需求,进行更加实时和高效的疏散决策,基于物联网技术,考虑弧路径上的疏散需求,建立有限资源约束下的单车种,多需求,多时段,多源多汇的疏散问题的单目标混合整数规划模型,从疏散成本的角度将疏散节点和疏散路径上的需求整合在疏散模型中。最后引入实际案例,使用CPLEX对模型进行数值仿真和结果分析。研究表明,基于更加实时的疏散信息获取和反馈,装载无线射频识别(RFID)的救护车能够同调度中心协同做出最优的疏散决策方案,同时处理疏散节点和弧路径上的疏散需求。
Emergency evacuation process, in addition to evacuation tasks on the node, the arc path may also appear on the evacuation needs. In order to deal with the evacuation demand on the arc path effectively, a more real-time and efficient evacuation decision was made. Based on the Internet of Things technology, the evacuation needs of the arc path were considered, and the bicycle types with limited resources constraints, multi-requirements, multi-periods, Multi-sink evacuation problem of single-objective mixed integer programming model, from the evacuation cost perspective evacuation nodes and evacuation path integration needs in the evacuation model. Finally, the actual case is introduced and the numerical simulation and the result analysis of the model are carried out by CPLEX. Research shows that based on more real-time evacuation information acquisition and feedback, RFID-equipped ambulances can work in concert with dispatch centers to make optimal evacuation decisions and to deal with the evacuation needs of evacuation nodes and arc paths.