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人们对孔子学说的“仁”“礼”思想研究极多.而于孔子之“孝”则论及甚少.事实上.“孝”与“仁”“礼”一样.也是孔子学说的重要概念,知“仁”知“礼”也应知“孝”;而且,经过长期的嬗变、发展和积淀,“孝”已成为中国文化的稳定因素和重要组成部分,对中华民族的文化——心理结构产生了极大的作用和影响.深入探讨这一思想,有着重大的现实意义.一、孝之涵义何谓孝?善于因材施教和启发教学的孔子,很少径直界定其义,而总是随机指点孝的丰富内涵.总而观之,孔子之孝是对父母生前延及死后的一贯之道.其主要涵义为:(一)生前之孝:在物质生活上赡养父母,在精神生活上敬爱父母.把对父母的物质生活之养和精神生活之养结合起来.这是孔子之孝的基本合义.
In fact, “filial piety” is the same as “benevolence” and “rites.” It is also an important concept of Confucianism , “Knowledge” of “benevolence” should also be known as “filial piety”; moreover, after long-term evolution, development and accumulation, “filial piety” has become a stable factor and an important component of Chinese culture. Structure has had a tremendous role and influence.It has great practical significance to explore this idea in depth.First, the meaning of filial piety is filial piety? Be good at teaching Confucius and enlightenment teaching, few straightforward define its meaning, but always random pointing and filial piety In short, the filial piety of Confucius is the consistent way to extend the life and death of the parents.Its main meanings are as follows: (1) Filial piety in life: to support parents in material life and to love their parents in spiritual life. It is the basic unity of Confucius’ filial piety to combine material life and spiritual life of parents.