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物理中热学内容的特点是对宏观热现象作微观解释。但分子是看不到、摸不到的,所以学生往往感到十分抽象。在饱和汽这部份内容的教学中,也存在同样的问题,教师在课堂上,一般只作逻辑推论:装在密闭容器中的液体,由于汽分子无法扩散至周围空间,当飞出浓面的分子数大于回到液面的分子数时,汽的密度将逐渐增大,相应地,回到液体的分子数也要增多。最后,当同一时间内飞出液面的分子数与回到液面分子数相等时,汽的密度不再改变,液体和汽达到了动态平衡,这时的汽称为饱和汽。为使学生对动态平衡和饱和汽有比较具体形象的认识,可以进行下面的模拟演示。
The characteristics of the thermal content in physics are microscopic explanations of macroscopic thermal phenomena. But the numerator is invisible and unintelligible, so students often feel very abstract. In the teaching of saturated vapor, there are also the same problems. In the classroom, teachers generally only make logical inferences: The liquid contained in a closed container cannot be diffused into the surrounding space when flying out of the dense surface. When the number of molecules is greater than the number of molecules returning to the liquid surface, the density of the vapor will gradually increase, and accordingly, the number of molecules returning to the liquid also increases. Finally, when the number of molecules that flew out of the liquid surface at the same time is equal to the number of molecules that return to the liquid surface, the density of the vapor no longer changes, and the liquid and vapor reach a dynamic equilibrium. At this time, the vapor is called saturated vapor. In order to enable students to have a more concrete image of dynamic balance and saturation vapor, the following simulations can be performed.