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目的:观察封闭供氧面罩排气口使面罩加压的方法预防飞行员耳气压伤的效果。方法:选择健康、平静状态下咽鼓管通气阻力均<6kPa的歼击机飞行员46例92耳。受试者取坐位,配戴供氧面罩,采用声阻抗仪检测初始鼓室压;自行封闭供氧面罩的排气口,并向面罩内徐徐呼气以提高面罩压,直至咽鼓管开放,检测咽鼓管开放并通气后的鼓室压。比较面罩加压前后左右耳鼓室压。结果:初始鼓室压左耳-(0.11±0.07)kPa,右耳-(0.10±0.08)kPa;面罩加压后鼓室压左耳(3.22±0.44)kPa,右耳(3.20±0.42)kPa。面罩加压前后左右耳鼓室压比较,均差异非常显著(P<0.01)。结论:封闭面罩排气口使面罩内加压的方法,可开放咽鼓管,逆转鼓室内负压为正压。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of preventing the pilot’s ear from being crushed by a method of pressurizing the mask by closing the exhaust port of the oxygen mask. Methods: Forty-nine ears (46 ears) of fighter pilots with healthy or calm eustachian tube ventilation resistance <6 kPa were selected. Subjects were seated, wearing oxygen masks, the use of acoustic impedance instrument to detect the initial tympanic pressure; self-enclosed oxygen mask exhaust port, and slowly exhale to the mask to increase mask pressure until the eustachian tube open, testing Eustachian tube open and ventilated tympanic pressure. Before and after the comparison mask pressure around the ear drum room pressure. Results: The initial tympanic pressure of the left ear was (0.11 ± 0.07) kPa and that of the right ear was (0.10 ± 0.08) kPa. The tympanic pressure was 3.22 ± 0.44 kPa and 3.20 ± 0.42 kPa, respectively. Before and after the mask pressure around the tympanic room pressure comparison, the difference was significant (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A method of closing the mask vent to pressurize the mask allows opening of the eustachian tube and reversing the negative pressure in the drum chamber to a positive pressure.