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慢性肾功能衰竭(下称慢性肾衰)系肾脏实质慢性损害的结果。早期由于机体的代偿作用,肾浓缩及滤过功能略降低,因而水、电解质的变化不大,但随着病情的不断进展,肾单位大量破坏,肾功能严重持续损伤,机体不能维持其最低的生理功能,体内大量代谢产物堆积,水、电解质的平衡遭到严重破坏,从而影响了正常的生命活动,甚则出现生命危险。一、水代谢紊乱慢性肾衰时,肾单位数日大量减少,削弱了肾脏凋节自由水的能力,因而出现水代谢的异常。因而在慢性肾衰早期,临床常表现为多尿和夜尿增多。特别是肾髓
Chronic renal failure (hereinafter referred to as chronic renal failure) is the result of chronic renal impairment. Early due to the compensatory role of the body, renal concentration and filtration slightly reduced, so water, electrolyte little change, but as the disease progresses, a large number of destruction of the nephron, severe renal damage, the body can not maintain its minimum The physiological function of the body mass accumulation of metabolites, water, electrolyte balance has been severely damaged, thus affecting the normal life activities, and even life-threatening. First, the water metabolism disorders Chronic renal failure, a significant reduction in the number of nephrons days, weakening the ability of the kidneys to witness the free water, resulting in abnormal water metabolism. Therefore, early in chronic renal failure, clinical manifestations of polyuria and nocturia often. Especially the kidney