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目的评估中国高水碘地区人群膳食碘摄入量及其潜在风险。方法利用2002年中国营养与健康状况调查数据库中的食物、食盐消费量数据和饮用水推荐摄入量,以及中国食物成分表及盐碘和水碘监测数据,估计我国高碘地区13个性别～年龄组人群在食用加碘食盐和不加碘食盐情形下的膳食碘摄入量,并与我国推荐的膳食碘摄入量标准进行比较。结果水碘介于150～300μg/L地区,无论食用加碘食盐或不加碘食盐,各组人群的膳食碘平均摄入量均介于推荐摄入量(RNI)和可耐受最高摄入量(UL)之间;水碘高于300μg/L地区,7岁以上男性和11岁以上女性(含孕妇和乳母)食用加碘食盐时的碘平均摄入量均超过UL,而所有人群食用不加碘食盐时的碘摄入量均介于RNI～UL之间。两类地区所有个体碘摄入量均超过RNI;但食用加碘食盐时,摄入量超过UL的个体比例为10.5%和24.9%,远高于食用不加碘食盐的1.5%和1.7%。在两类地区饮用水对膳食碘的贡献率均高于食盐。结论在食用不加碘食盐的情况下,我国高水碘地区居民的膳食碘摄入量是适宜和安全的,食用加碘食盐会增加碘过量的风险;饮用水是高碘地区膳食碘的最主要来源。
Objective To assess dietary iodine intake and its potential risk in Chinese population with high water iodine. Methods Based on the food and salt consumption data and the recommended intake of drinking water in the database of China Nutrition and Health Status Survey in 2002 and the data of China’s food composition and salt iodine and water iodine monitoring data, Dietary iodine intake of the age group in the cases of iodized salt and iodized salt is compared with the standard of dietary iodine intake recommended by our country. Results The water iodine ranged from 150μg / L to 300μg / L. The average dietary iodine intake of all groups was within the recommended intake (RNI) and the highest tolerable intake, irrespective of whether iodized salt or iodized salt was consumed. (UL); water iodine higher than 300μg / L area, over the age of 7 men and 11-year-old women (including pregnant women and lactating mothers) iodized salt intake of iodine average intake exceeded UL, and all people eating Iodine intake without iodized salt ranged from RNI to UL. Iodine intake exceeded that of RNI in all individuals in both groups, but 10.5% and 24.9% of those who consumed iodized salt had an excess of 1.5% and 1.7% of those who consumed iodine-free salt. The contribution of drinking water to dietary iodine in both areas was higher than that of salt. Conclusion In the case of eating iodine-free salt, the dietary iodine intake of residents in high water iodine region is appropriate and safe. Eating iodized salt increases the risk of iodine excess. Drinking water is the most common form of iodine in high iodine region The main source.