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目的通过对埃博拉病毒2014年毒株基因组共102株序列的分析,研究其变异特征,探讨病毒基因组变异与其流行病学特征改变之间的关系。方法选取NCBI公共数据库中埃博拉病毒全基因组序列,应用Mummer3.0软件分析病毒基因组变异特征;使用MEGA5软件进行蛋白进化分析;应用CPHmodels和PyMOL软件,根据蛋白同源性模拟蛋白的三维构型。结果埃博拉病毒2014年毒株(扎伊尔型)基因组中,共有606个位点发生变异,其中有49个变异位点是2014年毒株特有的、并导致所编码的氨基酸发生非同义突变。特别是NP蛋白第128位、GP蛋白第82位和L蛋白第1 951位氨基酸,不仅在2014年之前所有的扎伊尔型毒株中是保守不变的,而且在其余埃博拉病毒亚型之间也是高度保守的,但在2014年毒株中却发生了特异性的变异。结论埃博拉病毒2014年毒株基因组具有独特的变异特征,使得NP、GP和L蛋白发生变异,特别是GP蛋白第82位氨基酸由丙氨酸突变为缬氨酸,将影响其所在的α螺旋的稳定性,这可能是2014年毒株致死能力减弱和传播能力增强的原因之一。基因组变异是否直接导致此次疫情中病毒流行病学特征改变,还需要进一步的实验研究证实。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the variation of the Ebola virus genome in 2014 and analyze its variation characteristics to explore the relationship between the variation of the viral genome and its epidemiological characteristics. Methods The whole genome sequence of Ebola virus in NCBI database was selected. The variation of the virus genome was analyzed by Mummer3.0 software. The protein evolution was analyzed by MEGA5 software. The CPHmodels and PyMOL software were used to simulate the three- . Results A total of 606 sites were mutated in the Ebola virus 2014 strain (Zaire), 49 of which were unique to the strain in 2014 and resulted in non-identical amino acids Sense mutation. In particular, the 128th NP protein, the 82nd GP protein and the 1 951th amino acid of L protein are conserved not only in all Zaire strains until 2014, but also in the remaining Ebola virus The types are also highly conserved, but in 2014 there was a specific mutation in the strain. Conclusion The unique variation of the genome of the strain of Ebola in 2014 resulted in the variation of NP, GP and L proteins. In particular, the mutation of alanine to valine at amino acid 82 of GP protein will affect its α The stability of the spiral may be one of the reasons for the weakened strain of lethality and increased transmission capacity in 2014. Whether the genomic variation directly leads to the change of the epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic will require further experimental studies.