论文部分内容阅读
【裁判要旨】家庭承包户成员因短期外出或暂时迁移等原因,将以家庭名义承包的口粮地流转给集体经济组织其他成员耕种经营,集体组织亦将土地账册转移至实际耕种人名下并直接向实际耕种人收取该土地的各项费用。此后,原家庭承包户成员返乡并以委托代耕(或转包)为由要求实际承包人返还该土地,而实际耕种人则以土地承包经营权已发生转让为由进行抗辩。法院在双方当事人各自穷尽举证责任后,仍难以查清土地流转方式系土地承包经营权转让还是委托代耕(或转包),集体经济组织对此又不予以明确表态。在此情形下,不能仅以土地账册已转至实际耕种人名下并直接向实际耕种人收取土地相关费用.就当然推定土地承包经营权已经发生转让,而应该采取两害相权取其轻的证明规则,加重主张土地承包经营权转让一方的证明责任,在其举证不能或举证不足的情况下,应认定双方系土地承包经营权的委托代耕(或转包)关系,而非转让。
[Keynote for referees] Members of family contract households will be handed over to the other members of the collective economic organizations for farming due to short-term outings or temporary relocation and other reasons, and the collective organizations will also transfer the land books to the actual cultivators and directly The actual cultivator charges the costs of the land. Since then, members of the original household contract have returned to their hometowns and require the actual contractor to return the land for the purpose of entrusting (or sub-contracting) the land, while the actual cultivators defend against the transfer of the land contractual management right. After both parties exhausted their respective burden of proof, it is still difficult for the court to find out whether the method of land transfer is the transfer of land contractual management right or the commission of farming (or subcontracting). The collective economic organization will not make it clear. Under this circumstance, land-related expenses can not be charged only to the actual cultivators only after the land books have been transferred to the actual cultivators, of course, it is presumed that the land contractual management right has been transferred and should be taken in light of Proof rules increase the burden of proof on the party claiming the transfer of the land contractual management right and, in the event that the burden of proof can not be proved or the burden of proof is insufficient, the parties shall be deemed to have been entrusted to cultivate (or subcontract) the land contractual management right instead of to transfer.