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萨尔特-卡尔梅克是一支发源于中国的西蒙古(卫拉特)部落,现分布在吉尔吉斯斯坦卡拉科尔地区。关于“卡尔梅克”(калмыки-俄语)一词,突厥语为卡尔玛克(Калмак),是中亚突厥语民族和欧洲人对西蒙古(亦称卫拉特蒙古、额(厄)鲁特蒙古)的称谓。吉尔吉斯斯坦的卡尔梅克人是卫拉特蒙古联盟四部(土尔扈特、额鲁特、和硕特、杜尔伯特)中额鲁特部的一部分,被中亚突厥语民族称为“萨尔特-卡尔梅克”。“萨尔特-卡尔梅克”一词的得名有两种解释,一种与“萨尔特”一词的含义有:“萨尔特”一词最早出现在11世纪的《福乐智慧》和《突厥大字典》中,是商人的代名词,后来会做买卖的种族如乌兹别克人等突厥民族皆可称为萨尔特。因吉尔吉斯斯坦的卡尔梅克人与突厥民族有血缘关系,因此,也被称为萨尔特—卡尔梅克;另外一种解释则称定居在城市及城市周围的卡尔梅克人为“萨尔特-卡尔梅克”。本书的作者А.В.布尔都克夫(1883—1943)是列宁格勒大学东方学院蒙古学教授,他曾长期在蒙古考察,收集整理了大量蒙古文化素材,著有《蒙古语会话》、《蒙古与俄罗斯语字典》、《卡尔梅克部落与民俗》、《卫拉特与卡尔梅克的故事》等专著。本著作是苏联时期最早的一份关于萨尔特-卡尔梅克的调查报告。它保留了萨尔特-卡尔梅克历史、经济、文化等多方面的信息,是研究萨尔特-卡尔梅克乃至整个西蒙古历史、文化、民俗的第一手资料,具有重要意义。
The Sarthe-Kalmyk is a Mongolian (Oirat) tribe originated in China and is now located in the Karakol region of Kyrgyzstan. For the word “Kalmyk” (калмыки-Russian), the Turkic language is Калмак, which is a combination of the Central Asian Turkic peoples and Europeans against the West (also known as Verat Mongol, Eritrea) Mongolia) the title. The Kalmyks in Kyrgyzstan are part of the Ministry of Veterinat in the four parts of the League of Oirat Mongols (Tiruset, Etrusco, and Sultot, Durbert) and are known by the Central Asian Turkic peoples as “Sartre-Karl Meike ”. There are two explanations for why the term “Sarthe-Kalmykia” is used. The meaning of the word “Sartre” is: “Sartre” first appeared in 11 The century’s “wisdom and happiness” and “Turkic Dictionary” is synonymous with businessmen, and later to do the sale of ethnic groups such as the Uzbeks and Turkic peoples can be called Sartre. The Kalmyks in Kyrgyzstan are also called Sartre-Kalmykia because they are related to the Turks nation. Another explanation is that Kalmyks, who live in cities and around cities, are “Sal Special - Kalmyk. ” The author of this book, А.В. Burdushkoff (1883-1943), a professor of Mongolian studies at the Oriental Academy of Leningrad University, has long inspected Mongolia and collected and collected a large number of Mongolian cultural materials and books such as the Mongolian Conversation, “Mongolia and Russian Dictionary”, “Kalmyk tribes and folklore”, “Verat and Kalmyk’s story” and other monographs. This book is the earliest one in the Soviet Union on Sartre - Kalmyk’s investigation report. It retains the history, economy and culture of Sarthe-Kalmykia. It is of great significance for the study of the ancient history, culture and folklore in Sarthe-Kalmykia as well as the whole of Mongolia.