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目的了解海南省按蚊多样性。方法采用牛帐法于2011、2012年的4~6月在海南省11个市县的山区、丘陵及平原三类地形中选取33个村庄进行调查,计算不同市县及不同地形的按蚊多样性指数、均匀度指数、丰富度指数,并用SPSS统计软件进行分析。结果共捕获按蚊17种7 377只,以嵌斑按蚊所占比例最高,为44.76%(3302/7377),其次为中华按蚊,占24.51%(1808/7377)。不同市县、不同地形之间按蚊多样性指数、丰富度指数差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但均匀度指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在陵水、琼海、儋州、五指山、屯昌等市县均捕获微小按蚊,在海口演丰镇捕获嗜人按蚊。结论嵌斑按蚊及中华按蚊是海南省主要按蚊种类。微小按蚊的种群密度可能处于较低水平,分布点也可能在减少,而嗜人按蚊的分布点可能在扩大。按蚊多样性与自然环境条件和人类因素有关。
Objective To understand the diversity of Anopheles in Hainan Province. Methods The cattle account method was used to survey 33 villages in the mountain, hills and plains in 11 cities and counties of Hainan Province from April to June 2011 to calculate the diversity of mosquitoes in different counties and terrain Sex index, evenness index, richness index, and analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Results A total of 7 377 Anopheles mosquitoes were collected, accounting for 44.76% (3302/7377) of the total, with Anopheles sinensis accounting for 24.51% (1808/7377). The diversity index and abundance index of Anopheles sinensis in different counties and territories differed significantly (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in evenness index (P> 0.05). Anopheles minimus was captured in Lingshui, Qionghai, Danzhou, Wuzhishan and Tunchang counties, and Anopheles anthropophagus was captured in Fengzhen, Haikou. Conclusion An. Anopheles and Anopheles sinensis are the main Anopheles species in Hainan Province. Anopheles minimus population density may be at a low level, the distribution may also be reduced, and the distribution of Anopheles anthropophagus may be expanded. Anopheline diversity is related to natural environmental conditions and human factors.