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东京原来是日本关东平原江水入海口的小地方,在室町幕府时代(1336—1573年),关东大名上杉氏的一支扇谷上杉家派遣重臣太田道灌建筑江户城,从康正二年(1456年)开始,完成于长禄元年(1457年)。德川家康建立江户幕府,把江户城作为政治中心,启动了江户城的扩张建设,通过填海、筑城来构建核心区域,围绕江户城分配武士、官吏的居住区,呈现海螺壳形状,由中心向外一圈一圈地扩展开去。在河道海湾建设商贸区,打通江户与全国各地的海上通道。由此形成江户城的基本格局。明治维新后,日本天皇迁居到江户,作为国家象征的皇权与现实政治中心合在一处,江户城改称东京。因为原来是作为幕府所在地设计的,所以,东京城和古代作为首都设计的奈良、京都的城市规划大不相同,其特点必须从历史发展的视角获得阐释。
Tokyo was originally a small place where the Kanto plain riverbed was opened to the sea. In the Muromachi Shogunate era (1336-1573), Kusunoki Uesugi, a fan of Kansu-an dashi, ) Began, completed in the first year of Paul (1457). Tokugawa Ieyasu establishment of the Edo shogunate, the city of Edo as a political center, launched the expansion of the city of Edo, reclamation, fortification to build the core area, around Edo Castle distribution warriors, officials of the residential area, showing the conch shell Shape, expand outward from the center outwards. In the River Bay construction business district, open up the Edo and the sea passage across the country. This forms the basic pattern of Edo Castle. After the Meiji Restoration, the emperor of Japan moved to Edo, where the imperial power, the symbol of the nation, was integrated with the political center of reality and Edo was renamed Tokyo. Because it was originally designed as a shogunate, the city plans of Nara and Kyoto, which were designed as capital cities in ancient times, differ greatly from each other. Their characteristics must be interpreted from the perspective of historical development.