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目的探讨环氧合酶-2(COX-2)和Ki-67在前列腺癌中的表达以及结核菌L型感染率及临床意义。方法应用免疫组化、原位杂交和抗酸染色等方法检测了65例前列腺癌(carcinoma of prostate,PCa)和30例良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)中的COX-2、Ki-67蛋白及mRNA的表达,以及结核菌L型的检出率;并对前列腺肿瘤主要临床资料和病理分级参数进行比较,用χ2检验进行统计学处理。结果COX-2、Ki-67蛋白及mRNA阳性表达和结核菌L型检出率,前列腺癌明显高于前列腺增生(P<0.001～0.05)。COX-2、Ki-67蛋白及mRNA阳性表达和结核菌L型检出率与前列腺癌的临床分期、病理分级有明显差异(P<0.01～0.05)。淋巴结转移组中COX-2、Ki-67蛋白及mRNA的阳性表达率明显高于非转移组(P<0.01)。结核菌L型检出率淋巴结转移组明显高于非转移组(P<0.05)。结论COX-2、Ki-67蛋白及mRNA在前列腺肿瘤中不同程度异常表达以及结核菌L型检出率与肿瘤的临床分期、病理分级和转移呈正相关,提示2种基因均可作为判断前列腺癌生物学行为及患者预后参考指标。结核菌L型感染极有可能导致基因的变异或过表达,成为诱发肿瘤因素之一,它们可能有协同致瘤作用。
Objective To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Ki-67 in prostate cancer and their clinical significance. Methods The expressions of COX-2 and Ki-67 in 65 cases of prostate cancer (PCa) and 30 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were detected by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and acid-fast staining. Protein and mRNA expression, and the detection rate of L-form of tuberculosis. The main clinical data and pathological grading parameters of prostate tumor were compared and statistically analyzed by χ2 test. Results The positive expression of COX-2, Ki-67 protein and mRNA and the detection rate of L-type of tuberculosis in prostate cancer were significantly higher than those in benign prostatic hyperplasia (P <0.001 ~ 0.05). The positive expression of COX-2, Ki-67 protein and mRNA and the detection rate of L-form of tuberculosis were significantly different from those of prostate cancer (P <0.01 ~ 0.05). The positive rates of COX-2, Ki-67 protein and mRNA in lymph node metastasis group were significantly higher than those in non-metastasis group (P <0.01). Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-type positive rate of lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than non-metastasis group (P <0.05). Conclusions The abnormal expression of COX-2, Ki-67 protein and mRNA in prostate tumor and the positive detection rate of L-form of tuberculosis are positively correlated with the clinical stage, pathological grade and metastasis of the tumor, suggesting that both of the two genes can be used as a marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer Biological behavior and prognosis of patients reference indicators. Mycobacterium L-type infection is most likely to lead to gene mutation or overexpression, as one of the factors that induce tumor, they may have a collaborative tumorigenic effect.