矩形是线性代数的主要研究内容,而且在众多的领域都有着广泛地应用。在多数《高数》教材中和大部分《线数》教材中关于特征值与特征向量有完全不同的定义。但实际上它们之间的关系是线性代数理论中最为精彩的一页。通过关于矩阵特征值与特征向量的求解使我们体会到运用矩阵的特征值理论,使解决问题的方法变得简便巧妙。 Rectangles are the main research contents of linear algebra, and have been widely used in many fields. There is a completely different definition of eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors in most “high numbers” of textbooks and in most of the “lines” of textbooks. But in fact the relationship between them is the most exciting page in linear algebra theory. Through the solution of the matrix eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors, we can see that using the eigenvalue theory of matrices makes the method of solving problems simple and clever.