对小儿和成人的观察证明慢性咳嗽是下呼吸道反应性过强的一个表现。本文的目的是研究儿童慢性咳嗽与其他上呼吸道症状的关系。研究对象为10名儿童,年龄7～16岁,患慢性咳嗽4个月以上,无哮喘史,但有慢性鼻阻塞,最近2个月无呼吸系病毒感染史。对所有患儿都进行了特异性皮肤点刺试验、P R I S T(纸片放射免疫吸附试验)、I gE测定和鼻窦X线照相、部分患者作了乙酰甲胆碱激发试验和RAST(放射变应原吸附试验)。 10名患者中,7名X线检查证实有鼻窦炎,9名作了乙酰甲胆碱激发试验,6名阳性。7名患儿于2年后进行了随诊,其中3名发生了支气管哮喘,2名有慢性咳嗽和运动性支气管痉挛, Observations in children and adults demonstrate that chronic cough is a manifestation of hypersensitivity to the lower respiratory tract. The purpose of this article is to study the relationship between chronic cough in children and other upper respiratory symptoms. The subjects were 10 children aged 7 to 16 years with chronic cough over 4 months without a history of asthma but with chronic nasal obstruction and no history of respiratory infection in the last 2 months. Specific skin prick tests, PRIST (radioimmunoassay test), I gE measurements, and paranasal radiographs were performed on all children. Some of the patients underwent methacholine challenge and RAST (radio-allergen Adsorption test). Seven of the 10 patients had sinusitis confirmed by X-ray examination, 9 were tested for methacholine challenge and 6 were positive. Seven children were followed up 2 years later, of whom 3 had bronchial asthma, 2 had chronic cough and exercise-induced bronchospasm,