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针对南方崩岗的发育与重力侵蚀密不可分的特点,利用野外采样和室内分析的方法,对南方第四纪红土、花岗岩、红砂岩发育形成的典型红壤的岩土力学性质、物理性质和颗粒组成进行了分析研究,探讨了崩岗侵蚀的土壤特性与影响因素。结果表明:(1)崩岗侵蚀与土壤的岩土力学性质有着密切的联系。第四纪红土、红砂岩、花岗岩土壤的抗剪强度依次降低、压缩性依次增大的规律与其崩岗侵蚀规模依次增大的现象相一致。(2)崩岗侵蚀与土壤的物理性质密切相关。花岗岩、红砂岩地区土壤稳定入渗率大有利于崩岗的发育,红砂岩地区崩岗集中在沟头分布的特征与其低液塑限性质有关。(3)土壤颗粒组成是影响崩岗发育的根本性物质因素。
In view of the characteristics of south collapse and gravitational erosion, using the methods of field sampling and indoor analysis, the geomechanical properties, physical properties and particle composition of the typical red soil developed from Quaternary red clay, granite and red sandstone in South China were studied. Analyzed the soil characteristics and influencing factors of collapsing erosion. The results show that: (1) Collapse erosion is closely related to the geotechnical properties of soil. The shear strength of Quaternary red clay, red sandstone and granite soil in turn decreased, and the law of increasing compressibility followed by the increase of the scale of their collapsing erosion. (2) Collapse erosion is closely related to the physical properties of soil. Granite, red sandstone soil stability infiltration rate is conducive to the large collapse of the development of red sandstone area collapse in the head and groove headroom distribution characteristics of its low liquid plastic limit properties. (3) The composition of soil particles is the fundamental material factor affecting the development of collapse.