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已有文献表明,在优秀手球运动员全年训练中的某一阶段还缺乏足够证据来说明不同身体负荷之间的关系。为了探讨超级联赛中的手球队在全年训练周期中赛季前不同负荷之间的关系,研究对象为超级联赛的球队,运动员的平均年龄为(20.3±1.7)岁,参与测试选手的运动等级从一级到健将级。一般性和专门性运动能力水平通过教育学和生物医学的方法进行评估。运动能力通过负荷逐渐变化的方式来评估。研究结果揭示了手球运动员训练和比赛活动以及全年训练周期中赛季前负荷量之间的有效性关系。训练负荷适宜的分布应该如下:30%的有氧负荷,43%有氧和无氧负荷,12%无氧乳酸和大约15%的无氧酵解负荷。至于负荷的比率,要慎重考虑一般性和专门性运动能力的变化,这一点应归因于心血管系统和肌肉工作的能量供应系统对练习的适应性改变。
It has been documented that there is a lack of sufficient evidence of the relationship between different body workloads at some stage of year-round training for elite handball players. In order to investigate the relationship between the different workloads of the handball teams in the Super League during the annual training cycle before the season, the target group is the Super League team. The average age of the athletes is (20.3 ± 1.7) years old, participating in the test of the athletes Level from a level to the general level. General and specialized levels of motor ability are assessed through pedagogy and biomedical methods. Exercise capacity is assessed by a gradual change in load. The results revealed the validity of handball players’ training and competition activities and the pre-season load in the annual training cycle. The appropriate distribution of training load should be as follows: 30% aerobic load, 43% aerobic and anaerobic loads, 12% oxygen lactic acid and about 15% anaerobic glycolysis load. As for the ratio of load, careful consideration should be given to changes in general and specialized motor ability due to changes in adaptability to practice in the energy supply system of the cardiovascular system and muscle work.