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目的 了解湖南省县属以上厂矿企业尘肺病的行业危害状况及防尘措施效果。 方法 对湖南省县属以上厂矿尘肺患病现状 ;主要行业尘肺发病机率窗分析 ;矿工寿命及劳动寿命进行了分析。 结果 我省现有O+ 3 3 64 3人 ;现患尘肺病人 3 2 3 47例 ,尘肺现患率为 10 .47% ;现患病人以煤炭及有色系统分布最高 (分别为 47.47%及 12 .16% ) ,其次为冶金系统 ( 8.2 0 % ) ;有色和轻工系统防尘措施效果显著 ,煤炭系统虽然取得了初步效果 ,但远比有色系统差。 结论 我省粉尘危害形势依然严峻 ,接尘工人及尘肺病分布呈行业聚集性 ,今后尘肺防治工作应在全面抓好各系统粉尘综合治理基础上 ,重点抓好煤炭系统和县级以下企业的防尘工作 ,预防和控制尘肺病的发生。
Objective To understand the industrial hazardous situation and the effect of dust control measures of pneumoconiosis in factories and mines in Hunan Province. Methods The prevalence of pneumoconiosis in counties and mines in Hunan Province was analyzed. The window of incidence of pneumoconiosis in major industries was analyzed. The life expectancy and working life of miners were analyzed. Results 3 3 643 people were present in our province. There were 3 23 47 pneumoconiosis patients and 10.47% pneumoconiosis patients. The patients with the highest prevalence of coal and chromogenic system were 47.47% and 12.4%, respectively. 16%), followed by the metallurgical system (8.2%). The dust-proof measures of the non-ferrous and light industrial systems have achieved remarkable results. Although the coal system has achieved initial results, it is far worse than the colored system. Conclusion The hazardous situation of dust in our province is still grim. The distribution of dust-exposed workers and pneumoconiosis is industrial agglomeration. In the future, the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis should be based on a comprehensive grasp of the comprehensive management of various systems of dust. The focus should be on the prevention of coal-based systems and enterprises below the county level Dust work to prevent and control the occurrence of pneumoconiosis.