农村学生学业成功机会不断下降,引起了社会各界的广泛关注,但已有讨论很少从学校教育的内部机制来分析城乡学生教育机会不均等的原因,忽略了学校课程是城乡不均等“再生产”的一个重要途径。通过A市连续八年的学生中考成绩数据发现,课程改革会对城乡学生的学业成功机会的影响比较复杂。从总体平均值来看,“新课程”后,城乡学生的差异没有扩大,甚至有些许的缩小。但在“新课程”改革后农村学生获得高分的机会却明显下降,城乡学生的学业成功机会在不同课程上具有明显的差异。基于不同课程对城乡差异的敏感性,进行政策模拟干预的检验,通过调整不同课程在统一考试中的权重,可以明显地改善城乡学生的教育机会均衡度。 Rural students’ chances of success in their studies have been declining, arousing widespread concern in society. However, there have been few discussions on the reasons for the unequal access to education for both urban and rural students from the internal mechanism of school education, and the lack of equality between urban and rural areas has been neglected. “An important way. Through the city of A consecutive eight years of student test scores found that the curriculum reform will have a more complicated impact on the academic success of urban and rural students. From the overall average point of view, after the ”new curriculum“, the difference between urban and rural students did not expand, and even narrowed a little. However, after the reform of ”New Curriculum", rural students’ chance of getting high marks dropped significantly. The chances of successful students in urban and rural areas have obvious differences in different courses. Based on the sensitivity of different curricula to the differences between urban and rural areas, we can test the policy simulation interventions and adjust the weights of different courses in the unified examination so as to obviously improve the balance of educational opportunity between urban and rural students.