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2009年开始的文理分科大讨论,从人数、国家文件的表述和政策来看,分合的观点占据了主流。《国家中长期教育规划纲要(2010-2020年)》突出了综合素质的重要性。各地的高考改革则以文理分科为主流。两派观点,存在着理论基础不够牢固、世界趋势把握不准、本土创新明显不足、选拔和培养人才不够多样等等问题。高中新课程改革隐含了专业分化的思想,也有学者开始提出专业分化的观点。笔者从新课程改革中获得启发,继而发现香港、台湾、美国、英国均实行了专业分化的高中课程或高考体制,并对专业分化的必要性、内涵和外延及其与文理分合的辩证关系进行了系统的理论阐述。中国高中课程和高考改革今后应采纳中高基础、高校自主多类型专业分化的体系,并建立和完善各项配套措施。
The liberal arts and science debates that started in 2009 saw the mainstream of the division of labor in terms of numbers, statements and policies of state documents. “National long-term education plan (2010-2020)” highlights the importance of overall quality. The college entrance examination reform around the liberal arts division as the mainstream. The two groups have some problems, such as the weak foundation of the theory, the uncertainty of the world trend, the obvious lack of local innovation, the inadequate selection and cultivation of qualified personnel, and so on. The new curriculum reform in high school implied the thought of professional differentiation, and some scholars began to put forward the viewpoint of professional differentiation. Inspired by the reform of the new curriculum, I found that Hong Kong, Taiwan, the United States and Britain have both implemented specialized high school curriculum or college entrance examination system and the necessity, connotation and denotation of professional differentiation and their dialectical relationship with the liberal arts and sciences The system theory elaborated. China’s high school curriculum and college entrance examination reform should adopt high and medium basis, the university independent multi-type system of professional differentiation, and establish and improve the various supporting measures.