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目的:探讨新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)中新生儿的细菌定植情况及其与各围生因素的关系。方法:以2014年8月至2015年11月在本院NICU收治的新生儿215例为研究对象,于入院时和入院后1周做咽拭子定植菌监测及痰培养。结果:215例新生儿共培养出237株定植菌。入院当天即有细菌定植者91例,定植率42.3%,40.5%为正常菌群,入院后发生细菌定植者146例;致病菌33例,以革兰阴性杆菌为主(72.7%),定植菌主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌。细菌定植与胎膜早破有相关性(P<0.05)。结论:对NICU住院的新生儿进行细菌学监测,有助于早期判断细菌定植情况,对采取预防保护措施、控制细菌定植有重要作用。
Objective: To investigate the bacterial colonization of neonate in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and its relationship with perinatal factors. Methods: A total of 215 newborns admitted to NICU from August 2014 to November 2015 in our hospital were enrolled in this study. Throat swab colonization monitoring and sputum culture were performed at admission and 1 week after admission. Results: A total of 237 colonization strains were cultured in 215 newborns. There were 91 bacterial colonization patients on the day of admission, with colonization rate of 42.3% and 40.5% of normal bacterial flora. There were 146 cases of bacterial colonization after admission, 33 cases of pathogenic bacteria, mainly Gram-negative bacilli (72.7%), colonization Escherichia coli mainly bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Bacterial colonization was associated with premature rupture of membranes (P <0.05). Conclusion: Bacteriological monitoring of neonates hospitalized in NICU can help to judge the situation of bacterial colonization in the early stage, which plays an important role in prevention and protection and control of bacterial colonization.