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目的:了解广西壮族自治区桂林市婚龄育龄女性对于出生缺陷相关知识的认知及对生育观的需求,为优生优育工作提供科学依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法对婚龄育龄女性以面对面访谈的方式进行问卷调查,共发放调查问卷400份,收回353份,有效问卷317份。结果:在被调查的317例育龄女性中达标(以全部答对“出生缺陷”版块的相关知识的60%定为相关知识达标)的人数为148名,仅占总体的46.69%。已孕女性与未孕女性对孕期易致畸的最重要时期、开始补充营养素的最佳时间的知晓情况比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);已孕女性与未孕女性对知晓孕前服用叶酸或叶酸复合营养素有利于预防神经管发育畸形的作用比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);影响育龄女性对出生缺陷认知的因素有育龄女性已孕与否、健康教育与文化程度。结论:桂林市育龄女性对出生缺陷知识有一定的了解但不全面,建议相关部门应结合本地区的实际情况有针对性地开展宣传教育活动,加强对育龄女性进行关于出生缺陷知识的相关教育。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the cognition of children of childbearing age at marriage-related age and their need for fertility in Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to provide scientific basis for prenatal and postnatal care. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on women of childbearing age at marriage-age. Face-to-face interviews were conducted. A total of 400 questionnaires were sent out, 353 questionnaires were returned and 317 valid questionnaires were sent out. Results: Of the 317 women of childbearing age surveyed who met the criteria (60% of all the relevant knowledge of the “birth defects” section was related to knowledge attainment), the number was 148, accounting for only 46.69% of the total. Pregnant women and non-pregnant women, the most important period of teratogenicity during pregnancy, the best time to start nutrient supplements were aware of the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); pregnant women and non-pregnant women know pregnancy before taking The effect of folic acid or folic acid compound nutrient on the prevention of neural tube defects was statistically significant (P <0.05). The factors influencing the cognition of birth defects among women of childbearing age were pregnant women with fertile age, health education and education level. Conclusion: Women of childbearing age in Guilin have a certain understanding but not comprehensive knowledge of birth defects. It is suggested that related departments should conduct publicity and education activities in light of the actual situation in the region and strengthen relevant education on women of childbearing age with knowledge of birth defects.