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分析了中国对日本、韩国(以下简称日韩)两国农产品出口集中度与出口结构的变动特征,并从产品要素密集度的角度出发,探讨了这种变动与中国农业比较优势的吻合度。结果表明:中国出口日本、韩国的农产品中,劳动密集型农产品占绝对主导,但在劳动密集型农产品内部,对日本和韩国的出口结构存在明显的不同。对日本出口方面,消费导向型的深加工农产品比重快速上升,并与中间产品所占比重持平;对韩国出口农产品仍以中间产品为主,上述结构变动基本体现了中国农业的比较优势。
This paper analyzes the characteristics of China¡¯s exports to Japan and South Korea (hereinafter referred to as Japan and South Korea), and analyzes the consistency of this change with the comparative advantage of China’s agriculture from the perspective of product factor concentration. The result shows that among the agricultural products exported to Japan and South Korea, labor-intensive agricultural products account for the absolute majority. However, there are obvious differences in the export structure between Japan and South Korea within labor-intensive agricultural products. For Japan’s exports, the share of consumer-oriented deep-processing agro-products has risen rapidly and remains the same as that of intermediate products. The export of agricultural products to South Korea is still dominated by intermediate products. The structural changes basically reflect the comparative advantages of China’s agriculture.