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目的:分析辽宁省县级综合医院的医疗资源利用效率,为其改革和规划设置提供数据支撑和政策建议。方法:运用数据包络分析方法对44家样本医院的投入与产出进行横断面分析,以及2010—2012年期间的Malmquist指数跨期分析。结果:样本医院存在低效率,仅二成被评价为相对有效。低效率原因主要是门急诊人次、出院人次产出和病床利用率产出不足。Malmquist指数分析揭示样本医院全要素生产率的增长主要得益于技术进步;纯技术效率以及规模效率贡献有限。结论:辽宁省县级综合医院改革应制定合理规划来优化规模效率;通过内部管理机制提高技术效率;获得技术进步的效率红利。
Objective: To analyze the utilization efficiency of medical resources in county-level general hospitals in Liaoning Province, and to provide data support and policy recommendations for the reform and planning. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of input and output from 44 sample hospitals using data envelopment analysis and the intertemporal analysis of the Malmquist index between 2010 and 2012 was conducted. Results: The sample hospitals had inefficiencies and only 20% were rated as relatively effective. The main causes of inefficiency are outpatient and emergency visits, discharge of hospital beds and utilization of hospital beds. Malmquist index analysis revealed that the growth of total factor productivity of sample hospitals was mainly due to technological progress; the limited contribution of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency contributed. Conclusion: The reform of county-level general hospitals in Liaoning Province should formulate reasonable plans to optimize the scale efficiency; improve the technical efficiency through the internal management mechanism; and obtain the efficiency bonus of technological progress.