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我国尚处于转轨经济时期,市场体系建设不完善,尤其是在广大农村地区,正式制度的建设和发展相对滞后,社会资本在农村社会经济中的作用更加突出。鉴于此,本文基于Putnam的社会资本理论,以农村农业废弃物资源化为例,基于其“集体行动”与“利他主义”属性,应用Tobit模型系统分析了3个层面的社会资本的核心要素(信任、互惠规范、公民参与网络)对农民环境保护投资意愿的影响冲击。研究结果表明:1农业废弃物资源化得到了多数农民的认同,68.3%的受访农民对农业废弃物资源化具有投资意愿,且意愿投资水平为8.46-12.39元/月;2社会资本变量中对农民环保投资意愿的贡献度大小排序依次是制度信任>公民参与网络>人际信任>互惠规范;3人力资本中的文化程度、物质资本中的家庭纯收入、控制变量中的是否兼业、是否为村干部对农民环保投资意愿均表现出积极的作用;4要缩小私人投资与社会最优投资之间的差距,实现农业废弃物资源化利用在经济效益、环境效益上的统一,需要政府或宏观经济管理者在制度安排上向其倾斜:通过强化政策支持或舆论引导提升农村的社会资本水平,增进农民对“信任互助”、“团队合作”的认知;完善环境保护相关法律法规,做到有法可依、执法必严、违法必究,改变民众对法规持有的“法不责众”态度;大力发展农村地区的基础教育,提高农村地区人们的文化教育水平。
China is still in a period of economic transition and its market system is not perfect. Especially in the vast rural areas, the formal system is lagging behind in its construction and development, and social capital plays a more prominent role in rural social economy. In view of this, based on Putnam’s social capital theory and taking the rural agricultural waste resourceization as an example, based on the “Collective Action” and “Altruism” attributes, this paper uses Tobit model to analyze three levels of social capital Impact of the core elements of trust (trust, reciprocity regulation, citizen participation network) on farmers’ willingness to invest in environmental protection. The results showed that: (1) Recycling of agricultural wastes was approved by most peasants, and 68.3% of farmers surveyed had the willingness to invest in the reutilization of agricultural wastes, and the willingness to invest was 8.46-12.39 yuan per month. 2 In the social capital variables The order of magnitude of contribution to farmers’ willingness to invest in environmental protection is, in turn, institutional trust> citizen participation network> interpersonal trust> reciprocity norms; 3 education in human capital, household net income in material capital, For the village cadres on the farmers willingness to invest in environmental protection have shown a positive role; 4 to narrow the private investment and the optimal social investment gap between the realization of the utilization of agricultural waste in the economic and environmental benefits of unification requires the government or Macroeconomic managers are inclined to make institutional arrangements: to enhance the level of social capital in rural areas through intensified policy support or public opinion, and to enhance peasants’ recognition of “mutual trust and mutual assistance” and “teamwork”; to improve environmental protection Laws and regulations, to be law-based, law enforcement must be strict, law-abiding, changing people’s hold on the law “law does not account public ” attitude; vigorously develop the rural areas Of basic education, improve people’s cultural and educational level in rural areas.