对于红军长征途中存在的“南下还是北上”的争论,长期以来,不少学者都侧重研究其历史过程,而缺少对这两个方针的理性分析。以俄界会议上党中央的“坚持北上”与张国焘的“奉行南下”争论为切入点,重点研究南北之争的由来及其不良影响,客观公正地分析南下和北上方针提出的原因及其是否可行,以期进一步彰显俄界会议确定“北上方针”的重要历史价值。 For a long time, many scholars have focused on the historical process without the rational analysis of these two guidelines. Starting from the controversy between the “upholding the north” and the “pursuing southward” argument of the “Central Committee under the Central Government” held by the party Central Committee at the Russian sector conference, this paper focuses on the origin of the dispute between the South and the North and its adverse effects and objectively and justly analyzes the policy proposed by the southbound and northward policies The reason and whether it is feasible, with a view to further highlighting the important historic value of the “guide to the north” set by the Russian community.