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目的了解初治艾滋病(AIDS)病人的高血糖发生率及其高危因素。方法在全国23个分中心共筛查1406例未接受抗病毒治疗的AIDS病人,采用横断面的研究方法,研究初治AIDS病人高血糖的发生率,对其影响因素进行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 1406例AIDS病人中,高血糖的发生率为5.3%(75例),其中糖尿病的发生率为1.7%(24例)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄≥40岁[比值比(OR)=3.748,95%可信区间(CI):2.057~6.829]、体质指数(OR=1.102,95%CI:1.015~1.196)是初治AIDS病人发生高血糖的高危因素,而艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染本身与高血糖无相关性。24例艾滋病合并糖尿病病人中,13例病人(54.2%)未被临床医生诊断为糖尿病。结论初治AIDS病人中,高血糖的发生率低。年龄≥40岁及超重是发生高血糖的高危因素,HIV感染不是高血糖的高危因素。初治艾滋病病人中糖尿病的漏诊率较高,感染科医生应该重视初治艾滋病病人中合并糖尿病的诊断。
Objective To understand the incidence of high blood sugar and its risk factors in newly diagnosed AIDS patients. Methods A total of 1,406 AIDS patients who did not receive antiviral therapy were screened in 23 sub-centers nationwide. The incidence of hyperglycemia in newly diagnosed AIDS patients was studied by cross-sectional study. The influencing factors were analyzed by single factor and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results Among 1406 AIDS patients, the incidence of hyperglycemia was 5.3% (75 cases), and the incidence of diabetes was 1.7% (24 cases). Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥40 years old (OR = 3.748, 95% CI: 2.057-6.829), body mass index (OR = 1.102, 95% CI: 1.015-1.196) AIDS patients with high risk of developing high blood sugar, while the HIV infection itself has no correlation with hyperglycemia. Of the 24 AIDS patients with diabetes, 13 (54.2%) were not diagnosed with diabetes by clinicians. Conclusions In newly diagnosed AIDS patients, the incidence of hyperglycemia is low. Age ≥ 40 years old and overweight are high risk factors for the occurrence of hyperglycemia, HIV infection is not a high risk factor for hyperglycemia. The rate of misdiagnosis of diabetes in newly diagnosed AIDS patients is high, and infectious disease doctors should pay more attention to the diagnosis of newly diagnosed AIDS patients with diabetes.