目的观察经纤维支气管镜介入抗痨凝胶治疗初治菌阳肺结核并支气管内膜结核的临床近期疗效及安全性。方法 115例经纤支镜确诊的支气管结核患者随机自愿分为全身化疗加凝胶介入注药(介入组)和全身化疗加雾化吸入(吸入组),比较患者治疗前及治疗后2个月和6个月临床症状改善、胸部X线或CT病灶好转、痰菌阴转、不同类型镜下的转归。结果治疗2个月后介入组和吸入组的临床症状显效率分别为92.9%和77.8%,病灶显效率为91.4%和53.3%,痰阴转率为95.7%和75.6%及镜下改变显效率Ⅰ型(炎症浸润型)为96.4%和64.7%,Ⅱ型(溃疡坏死型)为96.2%和56.3%,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);6个月后两组比较仅肺部病灶吸收有显著性变化。结论抗痨凝胶经纤维支气管镜介入治疗支气管内膜结核的近期疗效显著优于雾化吸入组,能迅速缓解患者临床症状、促进病灶吸收、提高临床疗效,且无明显的并发症及毒副作用,是目前治疗支气管内膜结核的较好方法。 Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of bronchial-bronchoscopic interventional anti-inflammatory gel in the treatment of newly diagnosed bacillary positive pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchial invagination tuberculosis. Methods A total of 115 patients with bronchial tuberculosis diagnosed by bronchofibers were randomly divided into systemic chemotherapy with gel interventional injection (intervention group) and systemic chemotherapy plus inhalation (inhalation group). Patients were compared before treatment and 2 months after treatment And 6 months to improve clinical symptoms, chest X ray or CT lesions improved, sputum negative conversion, different types of mirror outcome. Results After two months of treatment, the effective rates of clinical symptoms in intervention group and inhalation group were 92.9% and 77.8% respectively, the effective rates of lesions were 91.4% and 53.3%, the sputum negative conversion rates were 95.7% and 75.6% Type I (inflammatory infiltrates) were 96.4% and 64.7%, Type II (ulcer necrosis) was 96.2% and 56.3% respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05 or P <0.01) Group only lung lesions absorbed significant changes. Conclusion The anti-inflammatory gel bronchofibroscope interventional treatment of endobronchial tuberculosis in the near future is significantly better than the nebulization group, which can quickly relieve the clinical symptoms, promote the absorption of the lesions and improve the clinical efficacy, and no obvious complications and side effects , Is the current treatment of bronchial tuberculosis better way.