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论述了天然气水合物与海底滑坡、全球变暖和海底生物灭绝等地质、气象、生物灾害的关系。海底天然气水合物的分解能够减小沉积物的胶结强度,并导致沉积层孔隙压力的过剩,进而诱发海底滑坡的发生。天然气水合物与全球变暖关系密切。从天然气水合物释放出来的甲烷可使地球温度升高4℃至8℃,升温的结果一方面可能中和全球变冷的趋势,另一方面也可能加剧全球变暖的趋势。全球天然气水合物大规模的分解,导致了海底单细胞生物大量灭亡,对海底生物多样性的保持构成巨大危害。在天然气水合物开发利用的设计阶段和实施阶段,必须有足够的防范意识和技术措施,防止或尽可能减少天然气水合物开发利用造成的各种环境灾害。
The relationship between gas hydrate and landslides, global warming, and the extinction of marine life such as geological, meteorological and biological disasters is discussed. Seawater gas hydrate decomposition can reduce the cementation strength of the sediments and lead to excess pore pressure in the sediments, which in turn can lead to the occurrence of submarine landslides. Gas hydrates are closely related to global warming. The release of methane from gas hydrates can raise the Earth’s temperature by 4 ° C to 8 ° C. As a result, warming may neutralize the global cooling trend and, on the other hand, exacerbate global warming. The massive decomposition of natural gas hydrate in the world led to the massive destruction of single-celled organisms on the seabed, which posed a great threat to the preservation of the marine biodiversity. In the design phase and the implementation phase of gas hydrate development and utilization, there must be enough awareness and technical measures to prevent or minimize the various environmental disasters caused by the development and utilization of natural gas hydrates.