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基于Heckman两步法,使用2000—2006年海关数据库和工业企业数据库,从不同企业性质、行业性质、地域位置三个维度检验了进口自由化对异质性企业创新行为的影响。结果发现:中间品进口自由化在总体上、在劳动密集型行业和竞争度较大的行业均促进了企业创新,但会抑制垄断行业和资本密集行业的创新活动;最终品进口自由化在总体上、在资本密集行业和劳动密集行业及竞争性行业抑制了企业创新,但促进了垄断性行业、有进口行为的民营企业和中西部地区企业的创新;进口自由化对企业研发投入和新产品产出的影响具有一致性。
Based on the Heckman two-step method and the database of the customs database and industrial enterprises from 2000 to 2006, this paper examines the impact of import liberalization on the innovation behavior of heterogeneous firms from three dimensions: the nature of different industries, the nature of industries and the geographical location. As a result, it has been found that the import liberalization of intermediate goods generally promotes the innovation of enterprises in both labor-intensive industries and highly competitive industries, but inhibits the innovation activities of monopoly industries and capital-intensive industries. In the end, On the one hand, it restrained the innovation of enterprises in capital-intensive industries, labor-intensive industries and competitive industries, but promoted the innovation of monopolistic industries, private enterprises with import behavior and enterprises in the central and western regions; the import liberalization made great contributions to R & D investment and new products The impact of output is consistent.